https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51317  2) and hemorrhagic stroke. With four arms per stratum (reference arm retained throughout), only the single treatment arm demonstrating the highest proportion of favorable outcomes at the first stage will proceed to the second stage in each stratum, resulting in a final comparison with the reference arm. Three prognostic covariates of age, geographic region and reperfusion interventions, as well as previously observed mRS 0-2 responses inform the adaptive randomization procedure. Participants randomized receive prespecified mobility training regimens (functional task-specific), provided by physiotherapists/nurses until discharge or 14 days. Interventions replace usual mobility training. Fifty hospitals in seven countries (Australia, Malaysia, United Kingdom, Ireland, India, Brazil, Singapore) are expected to participate. Summary: Our novel adaptive trial design will evaluate a wider variety of mobility regimes than a traditional two-arm design. The data-driven adaptions during the trial will enable a more efficient evaluation to determine the optimal early mobility intervention for patients with mild and moderate ischemic stroke.]]> Wed 28 Feb 2024 15:05:25 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:7486 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:15:07 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:14416 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:40:59 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25679 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:32:11 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:31275 Thu 13 Jan 2022 10:30:36 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:117 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:43:16 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27564 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:23:31 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23659 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:16:51 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22170 H1 differentiation. In vitro studies indicated suppression of IL-12 production by several stress-related factors, but no effects of behavioral stress were shown on plasma IL-12 levels. Therefore, in the current study we (i) examined the in vivo effects of various behavioral and pharmacological stress paradigms on baseline plasma IL-12 levels; (ii) compared these in vivo findings to those obtained following in vitro stimulation of leukocytes from the same rats; and (iii) assessed potential sexual dimorphism in these outcomes. The findings indicated that plasma IL-12 levels were significantly reduced by social confrontation, wet-cage exposure, surgery, and the administration of corticosterone, epinephrine, or prostaglandin-E₂. Notably, most in vivo impacts on plasma levels were not evident when assessed in vitro. The IL-12-reducing effects of wet-cage exposure, and of corticosterone and epinephrine administration, were significantly greater in males than in females, although females exhibited greater total corticosterone levels following stress. The duration of acute stressors predicted the degree of IL-12 reduction, but more prolonged stressors did not. Furthermore, seven days of alternating behavioral stressors reduced plasma IL-12 levels more than 14 days. These findings suggest animals’ behavioral habituation to stress conditions, or a specific immune mechanism restricting the duration of IL-12 reduction. Overall, our findings indicate a generic and robust stress-induced reduction in plasma IL-12 levels, and suggest epinephrine, corticosterone, and prostaglandin-E₂, as potential mediators that should be scrutinized in vivo in the context of natural physiological stress responses.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:14:58 AEDT ]]>